A new study from scientists at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics thinks it’s the latter, alleging that ALMA may be recording the movement of the star’s convection cells rather than its ...

(High pressures within the Earth cause material to freeze at high temperatures.) This heat drives convection cells within the liquid core, which keeps the liquid metal moving through the magnetic ...

directly generate long-lived continental scale upper mantle convection cells, and these rift-initiated convective systems have a profound effect on Earth’s surface topography, erosion ...