The conflict lasted 15 years, but it left a lasting imprint on the Gorongosa elephant population. A 2021 study published in the journal Science found that the frequency of tuskless females had ...

Poaching was amplified during Mozambique’s civil war between 1977 to 1992 to finance the war efforts. Elephant population numbers dropped from 2,500 individuals to around 200 in the early 2000s.