All those long multiplication tables. Timed tests and “mad minutes” of worksheet problem-solving. Fluency drills. Somehow, getting kids to know their basic math facts continues to be at the ...

In general, there’s much less research on how math fact fluency develops in multiplication. The limited available evidence suggests that there are fewer universal strategies that transfer.

Adam Skarr, Katie Zielinski, Kellen Ruwe, Hannah Sharp, Randy L. Williams, T. F. McLaughlin, The Effects of Direct Instruction Flashcard and Math Racetrack Procedures on Mastery of Basic ...