At the beginning of the 2nd century BCE, two major powers vied for the Mediterranean. In the west, the Romans had recently ...

Kosmin (Harvard) takes a look at the Seleucid Kingdom, which came closest to reviving Alexander’s empire. Ptolemaic Egypt aside, the Seleucids managed to run the longest surviving of the “Successor” ...

The Ptolemies faced a number of adversaries at different times, including the Seleucid Empire, the Roman Republic ... It would have been used for military units traveling to the fortress.