Technical Terms Somatic embryogenesis: A process in which non-reproductive, differentiated plant cells are reprogrammed to form embryos that can develop into complete plants.

Somatic mutations, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (InDels), are particularly prevalent in perennial and asexual crops like sweet oranges. These ...

Apples rank among the world's most valuable fruit crops, with production spanning more than 100 countries. Some apple trees naturally develop into what farmers call "spur-type" varieties—compact ...