Known for their ability to seamlessly integrate into semiconductor chips, VCSELs (vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers) ...

Optical spectroscopy techniques are used in physics, astronomy, chemistry, biology, and associated research fields.

An interdisciplinary research team has engineered a new class of organic photoelectrochemical transistors (OPECTs). These tiny devices can convert light into electrical signals and mimic the behavior ...

This paper reviews techniques for determining B concentration and isotopie ratio and their application to soil and plant samples. Boron concentration has been determined utilising spectrophotometry, ...