MPFL reconstruction is a surgery in which a new medial patellofemoral ligament is created to stabilize the knee and protect the joint. Learn more.

Injuries to the MCL (medial collateral ligament) can cause knee pain and instability. Learn about MCL sprains and tears, surgical and nonsurgical treatments.

Continuum robots (CRs) have been developed for maxillary sinus surgery (MSS) in recent years. However, due to the curved and narrow pathway of the maxillary sinus, and the deformability of the CR, ...

Conclusions In conclusion, first and second maxillary molars presenting three roots are highly prevalent, with the first molars having the highest prevalence of four canals in comparison to the second ...

An oro-antral communication is an unnatural opening between the oral cavity and maxillary sinus. When it fails to close spontaneously, it remains patent and is epithelialized to develop into an ...

The intend of this literature survey is to lessen the problems faced by dentists in the field of maxillary sinus diagnosis in image processing and to serve as a valuable reference to the literature ...