Sharks and rays have been found to have an XY sex chromosome system superficially like our own, but with its own unique ...

The study was led by Michael Hammer, of the University of Arizona. Hammer identified 19 variations of the Y chromosome, including eight lineages found to varying degrees among Jews and Arabs.

Previous experiments had been done on prokaryotes (single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus), but a full synthetic genome had not been reconstructed for any single-celled eukaryotic organisms ...

Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that lack membrane-bound structures. This article details the structure of prokaryotic cells and provides examples of prokaryotic organisms.

People with Down syndrome have an extra chromosome that impacts their looks and their ability to think, learn, and reason. Discover the type, causes, and kinds of effects it can have.

Down syndrome is the most common genetic condition in the United States. We’ll explain the causes, symptoms, and outlook of this condition.

Recently, however, the number of chromosomes in prokaryotes has been determined using DNA fragment mapping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis techniques.